Famous scientists in chemistry and their contributions
Life history of famous chemists in kenya: He was guillotined shortly after the French Revolution for his association with the nobility. He also discovered the enzyme lysozyme abundant in milk, tears and saliva in Olefin metathesis is a class of chemical reactions that involve the redistribution of carbon-carbon double bonds in olefins alkenes. Won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in for his research into the chemical composition of purines and sugars.
Nationality:English
Known For:Boyle&#;s law
Many regard Boyle as one of the founders of modern chemistry. He established Boyle&#;s law, which says that there is an inversely proportional relationship between absolute volume and pressure of a gas so long as the temperature is kept steady and within a closed system.
Nationality:English
Known For:Isolated oxygen and discovered several gases
Priestely often given credit for the discovery of oxygen, something that he called &#;dephlogistacted air.&#; He also invented soda water and is famous for isolating several other gases.
Nationality:French
Known For:Naming of oxygen and hydrogen
Known as the &#;father of modern chemistry,&#; he named hydrogen and oxygen as well as predicted the existence of silicon.
He also helped to create the metric system and make a list of the elements. He also found that matter&#;s mass remains the same regardless of form or shape.
Nationality:English
Known For:Pioneer of modern atomic theory
John Dalton was the very first person to explain atomic behavior based on weight measurements.Life history of famous chemists in sri lanka Jan Libby developed a technique that uses the content of carbon to determine the age of fossils and archeological relics. J [ edit ]. Berzelius was the first chemist to distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds.
He also created what is now called Dalton&#;s Law of Partial Pressures.
Nationality:English
Known For:Discovered chlorine and iodine
Humphry Davy was the chemical superintendent at the Pneumatic Institution where he studied therapeutic methods of using different gases.
Besides his work to help discover chlorine and iodine, Davy is known for making the suggestion that nitrous oxide could be used as an anesthetic for surgery on humans.
Nationality:British
Known For:Contributions to electrochemistry
Faraday discovered two new compunds of carbon and chlorine, experimented on diffusion of gases, created an early version of the Bunsen burner, liquified gasses and discovered the laws of electrolysis.
Nationality:French
Known For:Discoveries involving tartaric acid, chiral molecules and crystallography
Pasteur discovered the molecular reasons for the asymmetry found in some crystals.
His writings on crystallography garnered him much attention and led to him getting a position as a professor of chemistry at Strasbourg College.
History of famous people She won this award for her research on radioactivity. Humphry Davy Nationality: English Known For: Discovered chlorine and iodine Humphry Davy was the chemical superintendent at the Pneumatic Institution where he studied therapeutic methods of using different gases. At the initial stages of his career, he analyzed heat capacities and heat of transition of the halogen acids from low temperatures upward. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek — Dutch scientist and trader.Nationality:Swedish
Known For:Invented dynamite and explosives. Started Nobel Prize organization
Nobel created various explosives, the most well-known being dynamite. By the time of his death he had over patents.
He used his fortunes to create the Nobel Prize awards posthumously.
Nationality:Russian
Known For:Periodic law and created version of the periodic table
Mendeleev was an inventor and chemist who formulated the Periodic Law and even made his own periodic table.
He used this table to make corrections to the properties of elements as well as to make predictions about the charicteristics of potential elements yet to be discovered.
Nationality:Sweish
Known For:Electrolytic theory of dissociation
Known as one of the founders of physical chemistry, Arrhenius was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work involving the electrolytic theory of dissociation.
Nationality:American
Known For:Agricultural chemistry creations, including over uses for the common peanut
George Washington Carver was born a slave and later became an agricultural chemist.Life history of famous chemists A [ edit ]. Fischer was the outstanding chemist of the modern age. She wanted to be a scientist at a young age. In , Volta invented the first electrical battery called voltaic pile that could provide an electric current without interruption.
The main goal of his work was to improve the lives of poor black and white southern farmers. Some of his greatests accomplishments revolve around the many uses he found for peanuts.
Nationality:Polish
Known For:Research on Radioactivity, discovered Polonium and Radium
Marie Curie was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.
She won this award for her research on radioactivity. She is also the only woman to win two Nobel Prizes; one in physics and one in chemistry.
She discovered both Polonium and Radium.
Nationality:German
Known For:Synthesized ammonia and discovered calcium, sodium, potassium and boron
Fritz Haber won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his work on synthesizing ammonia, a process which is very improtant for fertilizers and creating explosives.
To this day, approximately half of the world&#;s population relies on his discovered method for making fertilizer. Haber has been called the &#;father of chemical warfare&#; because of his work with poisonous gases throughout WWI.
Nationality:German
Known For:Research in areas of radioactivity and radiochemistry
Often called the &#;father of nuclear chemistry,&#; Otto Hahn co-discovered nuclear fission in and was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for it in Hahn also discovered mesothorium, which was used in medical radiation treatments at a much lower cost than previously available methods.
Nationality:American
Known For:One of the founders of quantum chemistry
Linus Pauling is the only person to win two unshared Nobel Prizes. His first was in Chemistry for his research in the nature of chemical bonds and the other was the Nobel Peace Prize.
Nationality:British
Known For:Research on proteins, insulin and nucleic acids
Sanger is the only person to twice win the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.
He won his first Nobel Prize in for his discovery of the structure of insulin.
Life history of famous chemists in the world Fisher developed a way to illustrate 3D compounds on paper; it became known as Fischer projection. According to Berzelius, all chemicals, whether natural or synthesized, could be specified qualitatively by identifying their electrically opposing constituents basic and acidic, or electropositive and electronegative. He performed numerous experiments, and by , he successfully obtained a temperature of 0. George Washington Carver Nationality: American Known For: Agricultural chemistry creations, including over uses for the common peanut George Washington Carver was born a slave and later became an agricultural chemist.His second Nobel Prize was awarded in for his findings on the sequencing of DNA molecules.
Nationality:English
Known For:Discovery of DNA structure. X-ray diffraction
This physical chemist was an expert in crystallography and X-ray diffraction.
She used these skills to study DNA fiber.
She is known for taking a key photograph that led to great insight into the structure of DNA.
Nationality:Mexican
Known For:Research on how human-made compounds affect the ozone layer
Mario Molina&#;s work helped to find the Antarctic ozone hole.
He won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for his research that proved that chlorofluorocarbon gases are harmful to the Earth&#;s ozone layer.
Nationality:Egyptian
Known For:Research on femtochemistry
Zewail is known as the &#;father of femtochemistry,&#; an area of physical chemistry which analyzes chemical reactions over very short periods of time.
This type of study allows for scientists to see why some chemical reactions take place, but not others. Zewail won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in for his work in this field.